ASTM A732 Grade 12Q Cast Steel
ASTM A732 grade 12Q is a type of ASTM A732 cast steel. Cited properties are appropriate for the quenched and tempered condition. It has the highest strength and lowest ductility compared to the other variants of ASTM A732 cast steel.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM A732 grade 12Q to: cast alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
440
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
4.0 %
Fatigue Strength
750 MPa 110 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
72 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1470 MPa 210 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
1340 MPa 190 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
260 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
420 °C 790 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2650 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2570 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
47 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.5 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.7 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
2.6 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.7 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
23 MJ/kg 9.8 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
52 L/kg 6.2 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
57 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
4770 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
52 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
37 points
Thermal Diffusivity
13 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
43 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 95.2 to 97.9 | |
| Cr | 0.8 to 1.1 | |
| Mn | 0.65 to 1.0 | |
| C | 0.45 to 0.55 | |
| Si | 0.2 to 0.8 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Cu | 0 to 0.5 | |
| V | 0 to 0.15 | |
| Mo | 0 to 0.1 | |
| W | 0 to 0.1 | |
| S | 0 to 0.045 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A732: Standard Specification for Castings, Investment, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel for General Application, and Cobalt Alloy for High Strength at Elevated Temperatures
Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008
Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015