ASTM Grade 60-40-18 (SAE D4018, ISO 400-18, EN-JS 1025) Ductile Cast Iron
ASTM grade 60-40-18 is ductile cast iron in the annealed condition. 60-40-18 is the ASTM designation for this material. 400-18 is the ISO numeric designation. D4018 is the SAE designation. Additionally, the UNS number is F32800.
It has the lowest strength and highest ductility compared to the other variants of ductile cast iron.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM grade 60-40-18 to: cast irons (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
170 GPa 25 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
20 %
Fracture Toughness
30 MPa-m1/2 27 x 103 psi-in1/2
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
66 GPa 9.5 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
420 MPa 60 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
460 MPa 66 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
310 MPa 45 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
270 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
290 °C 550 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1160 °C 2120 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1120 °C 2050 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
490 J/kg-K 0.12 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
36 W/m-K 21 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.4 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
9.4 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
1.9 % relative
Density
7.1 g/cm3 440 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.5 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
21 MJ/kg 8.9 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
43 L/kg 5.1 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
80 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
280 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
26 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
19 points
Thermal Diffusivity
10 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
18 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 93.7 to 95.5 | |
| C | 3.0 to 3.5 | |
| Si | 1.5 to 2.8 | |
| P | 0 to 0.080 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
SAE J434: Automotive Ductile (Nodular) Iron Castings
ISO 1083: Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons - Classification
ASTM A536: Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
ASTM A395: Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
Cast Iron: Physical and Engineering Properties, Harold T. Angus, 1976
Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993
Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008