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AWS E110C-K4 or E76C-K4 Weld Metal

AWS E110C-K4 is a weld metal formulated for joining alloy steels. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-welded condition. It has a fairly low ductility among alloy steel welding fillers. In addition, it has a fairly high electrical conductivity and a fairly high tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AWS E110C-K4 to: alloy steel welding fillers (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

17 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

850 MPa 120 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

780 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2650 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1410 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

41 W/m-K 24 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

8.0 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

9.2 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

3.5 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.7 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

23 MJ/kg 9.9 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

54 L/kg 6.4 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

140 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

1600 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

30 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

25 points

Thermal Diffusivity

11 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

25 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 92.1 to 98.4
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.75 to 2.3
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0.25 to 0.65
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.8
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0.15 to 0.65
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.35
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.15
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.025
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.025
Residualsres. 0 to 0.5

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

AWS A5.28: Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding

Welding Metallurgy, 2nd ed., Sindo Kou, 2003