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Annealed (+A) 1.4034 Stainless Steel

EN 1.4034 +A steel is EN 1.4034 stainless steel in the annealed condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4034 +A steel to: wrought martensitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

220

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

14 %

Fatigue Strength

230 MPa 33 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Rockwell B Hardness

85

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

420 MPa 60 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

690 MPa 100 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

390 MPa 57 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

390 °C 730 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

770 °C 1420 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1440 °C 2620 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1390 °C 2540 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

30 W/m-K 17 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

11 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

3.1 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

3.7 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

7.0 % relative

Density

7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.0 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

27 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

100 L/kg 12 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

14

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

81 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

400 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

25 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

22 points

Thermal Diffusivity

8.1 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

24 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 83 to 87.1
Chromium (Cr)Cr 12.5 to 14.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Carbon (C)C 0.43 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Further Reading

Metallic Materials: Physical, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties, Philip A. Schweitzer, 2003

EN 10088-2: Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012

Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High Performance Alloys, ASM Handbook vol. 1, ASM International, 1993

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010