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EN 1.4501 (X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4) Stainless Steel

EN 1.4501 stainless steel is a duplex stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4501 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately high embodied energy among wrought duplex stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately high base cost and a moderately high tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4501 stainless steel to: wrought duplex stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

250

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 30 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

27 %

Fatigue Strength

430 MPa 63 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

90 J 67 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.27

Shear Modulus

80 GPa 12 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

540 MPa 78 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

830 MPa 120 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

600 MPa 87 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

300 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

450 °C 840 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1100 °C 2010 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1410 °C 2570 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

15 W/m-K 8.7 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.2 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.5 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

22 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

4.1 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

57 MJ/kg 25 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

180 L/kg 21 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

42

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

210 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

870 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

29 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

25 points

Thermal Diffusivity

4.0 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

22 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4501 stainless steel is notable for including tungsten (W) and containing a comparatively high amount of chromium (Cr). Tungsten interacts with other alloying elements to a greater extent than usual, which makes it hard to broadly characterize its effects. Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance.

Iron (Fe)Fe 57.6 to 65.8
Chromium (Cr)Cr 24 to 26
Nickel (Ni)Ni 6.0 to 8.0
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 3.0 to 4.0
Tungsten (W)W 0.5 to 1.0
Copper (Cu)Cu 0.5 to 1.0
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N)N 0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.035
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10272: Stainless steel bars for pressure purposes

EN 10250-4: Open die steel forgings for general engineering purposes - Part 4: Stainless steels

Duplex Stainless Steels, Iris Alvarez-Armas and Suzanne Degallaix-Moreuil (editors), 2009

Duplex Stainless Steels: Microstructure, Properties and Applications, Robert N. Gunn (editor), 1997

EN 10088-2: Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010