EN 1.4516 (X6CrNiTi12) Stainless Steel
EN 1.4516 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 1.4516 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X6CrNiTi12 is the EN chemical designation.
It has a fairly high thermal conductivity among wrought ferritic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately low base cost and a moderately low embodied energy.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4516 stainless steel to: wrought ferritic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
23 %
Fatigue Strength
210 MPa 31 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
76 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
350 MPa 51 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
550 MPa 80 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
320 MPa 46 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
270 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
420 °C 790 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
720 °C 1330 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2640 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1400 °C 2560 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
30 W/m-K 17 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
10 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.9 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
3.3 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
7.0 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
2.0 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
28 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
97 L/kg 12 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
12
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
110 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
260 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
20 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
19 points
Thermal Diffusivity
8.1 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
20 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4516 stainless steel is notable for including titanium (Ti). Titanium is used to broadly improve mechanical properties.
| Fe | 83.3 to 89 | |
| Cr | 10.5 to 12.5 | |
| Ni | 0.5 to 1.5 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.5 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.7 | |
| Ti | 0.050 to 0.35 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.015 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015