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EN 1.4565 (X2CrNiMnMoN25-18-6-5) Stainless Steel

EN 1.4565 stainless steel is a superaustenitic (highly alloyed) stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the solution annealed (AT) condition. 1.4565 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X2CrNiMnMoN25-18-6-5 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a very low base cost among wrought superaustenitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a very low embodied energy and a moderately high electrical conductivity.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4565 stainless steel to: wrought superaustenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

210 GPa 30 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

35 %

Fatigue Strength

380 MPa 55 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

110 J 82 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

81 GPa 12 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

590 MPa 85 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

880 MPa 130 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

480 MPa 69 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

310 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

460 °C 850 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1100 °C 2010 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1420 °C 2600 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1380 °C 2510 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

12 W/m-K 6.9 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

15 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

1.9 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.1 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

28 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

5.4 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

74 MJ/kg 32 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

210 L/kg 25 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

47

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

260 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

550 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

31 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

26 points

Thermal Diffusivity

3.2 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

21 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4565 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of manganese (Mn) and chromium (Cr). Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible. Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance.

Iron (Fe)Fe 41.2 to 50.7
Chromium (Cr)Cr 24 to 26
Nickel (Ni)Ni 16 to 19
Manganese (Mn)Mn 5.0 to 7.0
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 4.0 to 5.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Nitrogen (N)N 0.3 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb)Nb 0 to 0.15
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.015

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10088-2: Stainless steels - Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for sheet/plate and strip of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002

Austenitic Stainless Steels: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties, P. Marshall, 1984

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015