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EN 1.4596 (X1CrNiMoAlTi12-10-2) Stainless Steel

EN 1.4596 stainless steel is a precipitation-hardening stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. 1.4596 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X1CrNiMoAlTi12-10-2 is the EN chemical designation.

The properties of EN 1.4596 stainless steel include two common variations. This page shows summary ranges across both of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare EN 1.4596 stainless steel to: wrought precipitation-hardening stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

200 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

1030 to 1600 MPa 150 to 230 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

280 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

450 °C 840 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

790 °C 1450 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1450 °C 2650 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1410 °C 2570 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Expansion

11 µm/m-K

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

15 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

3.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

48 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

130 L/kg 16 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

19

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

36 to 56 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

29 to 39 points

Thermal Shock Resistance

35 to 54 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4596 stainless steel is notable for including aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti). Aluminum is used to improve oxidation resistance. It can also enhance the effects of heat treatment. Titanium is used to broadly improve mechanical properties.

Iron (Fe)Fe 73.4 to 76.4
Chromium (Cr)Cr 11.5 to 12.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 9.2 to 10.2
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 1.9 to 2.2
Aluminum (Al)Al 0.8 to 1.1
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0.28 to 0.4
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 0.1
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.1
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.020
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.015
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.010
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.0050

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

Metallic Materials: Physical, Mechanical, and Corrosion Properties, Philip A. Schweitzer, 2003

EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes

EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010