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Grade 24 (R56405) Titanium

Grade 24 titanium is a titanium alloy formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. R56405 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the ASTM designation is Titanium Grade 24.

It has a moderately high heat capacity among wrought titaniums. In addition, it has a moderately low melting temperature and a moderately high embodied energy.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare grade 24 titanium to: wrought titaniums (top), all titanium alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

110 GPa 15 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

11 %

Fatigue Strength

550 MPa 80 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.32

Reduction in Area

28 %

Shear Modulus

40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

610 MPa 88 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

1010 MPa 150 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

940 MPa 140 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

410 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

340 °C 640 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1610 °C 2930 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1560 °C 2840 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

560 J/kg-K 0.13 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

7.1 W/m-K 4.1 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

9.6 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

1.0 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

2.0 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Density

4.5 g/cm3 280 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

43 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

710 MJ/kg 300 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

310 L/kg 38 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

110 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

4160 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

35 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

63 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

50 points

Thermal Diffusivity

2.9 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

72 points

Alloy Composition

Titanium (Ti)Ti 87.5 to 91
Aluminum (Al)Al 5.5 to 6.8
Vanadium (V)V 3.5 to 4.5
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.4
Oxygen (O)O 0 to 0.2
Palladium (Pd)Pd 0.040 to 0.080
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.080
Nitrogen (N)N 0 to 0.050
Hydrogen (H)H 0 to 0.015
Residualsres. 0 to 0.4

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

Titanium Alloys: Modelling of Microstructure, Properties, and Applications, Wei Sha and Savko Malinov, 2009

ASTM B861: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Seamless Pipe

ASTM B381: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Forgings

ASTM B265: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and Plate

ASTM B348: Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Bars and Billets

Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Fundamentals and Applications, Christoph Leyens and Manfred Peters (editors), 2003

Titanium, 2nd ed., G. Lutjering and J. C. Williams, 2007