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Grade TDSiCr Spring Steel

Grade TDSiCr steel is an alloy steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the hardened (H) condition. It has a very low density among EN wrought alloy steels. In addition, it has a very low melting temperature and a very high tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare grade TDSiCr steel to: EN wrought alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

590

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Reduction in Area

48 %

Shear Modulus

80 GPa 12 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

1950 MPa 280 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

410 °C 780 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1440 °C 2620 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1400 °C 2550 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

46 W/m-K 27 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.3 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.5 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.2 % relative

Density

7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

20 MJ/kg 8.4 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

48 L/kg 5.8 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

70 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

45 points

Thermal Diffusivity

12 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

58 points

Alloy Composition

Among alloy steels, the composition of grade TDSiCr steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of silicon (Si). Silicon content is typically governed by metallurgical processing concerns, and not its effects on final material properties. However, it does have a modest strengthening effect.

Iron (Fe)Fe 96.6 to 97.8
Silicon (Si)Si 1.2 to 1.6
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.5 to 0.9
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0.5 to 0.8
Carbon (C)C 0.5 to 0.6
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.025
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.020

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10270-2: Steel wire for mechanical spring - Part 2: Oil hardened and tempered spring steel wire

ASM Specialty Handbook: Carbon and Alloy Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1996

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015