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2025 Aluminum vs. S31100 Stainless Steel

2025 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31100 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 2025 aluminum and the bottom bar is S31100 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 110
270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
200
Elongation at Break, % 15
4.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
79
Shear Strength, MPa 240
580
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 400
1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260
710

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 40
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 120
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
16
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.9
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
44
Embodied Water, L/kg 1130
170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 55
40
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 450
1240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37
36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40
29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 58
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
28

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 90.9 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.060
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
25 to 27
Copper (Cu), % 3.9 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.0
63.6 to 69
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
6.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.5 to 1.2
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.25
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0