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3104 Aluminum vs. EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel

3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while EN 1.4594 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3104 aluminum and the bottom bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
11 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 130
490 to 620
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
76
Shear Strength, MPa 110 to 180
620 to 700
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
1020 to 1170
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
810 to 1140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
15
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 60
110 to 190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 34 to 540
1660 to 3320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 31
36 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
29 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
4.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
34 to 39

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.1 to 98.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 0
13 to 15
Copper (Cu), % 0.050 to 0.25
1.2 to 2.0
Gallium (Ga), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
72.6 to 79.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.8 to 1.4
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.2 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.0 to 6.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.15 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0 to 0.7
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.015
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0