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3104 Aluminum vs. Grade 21 Titanium

3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3104 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade 21 titanium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
140
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
9.0 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 130
550 to 660
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
51
Shear Strength, MPa 110 to 180
550 to 790
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
890 to 1340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
870 to 1170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
310
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1740
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1690
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
500
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
7.5
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
7.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
60
Density, g/cm3 2.8
5.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
32
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
490
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 60
110 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 34 to 540
2760 to 5010
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
32
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 31
46 to 69
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
38 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
2.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
66 to 100

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.1 to 98.4
2.5 to 3.5
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.050
Copper (Cu), % 0.050 to 0.25
0
Gallium (Ga), % 0 to 0.050
0
Hydrogen (H), % 0
0 to 0.015
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.8 to 1.4
0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
14 to 16
Niobium (Nb), % 0
2.2 to 3.2
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Oxygen (O), % 0
0 to 0.17
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.25
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
76 to 81.2
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.4

Comparable Variants