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3104 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 9310 Steel

3104 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 9310 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3104 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 9310 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 20
17 to 19
Fatigue Strength, MPa 74 to 130
300 to 390
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 110 to 180
510 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
820 to 910
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
450 to 570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.7
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
4.4
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.6 to 60
120 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 34 to 540
540 to 860
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 31
29 to 32
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
25 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
24 to 27

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.1 to 98.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.080 to 0.13
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.0 to 1.4
Copper (Cu), % 0.050 to 0.25
0
Gallium (Ga), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
93.8 to 95.2
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.8 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.8 to 1.4
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.080 to 0.15
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.015
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0

Comparable Variants