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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. AWS E409Nb

Both AISI 416 stainless steel and AWS E409Nb are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AWS E409Nb.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
23
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
13
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 13
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
6.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
11 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
80.2 to 88.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.030