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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1021 Steel

Both AISI 416 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1021 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1021 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230 to 320
130 to 150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
17 to 27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 340
190 to 300
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
310 to 320
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
480 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
260 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
180 to 530
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
17 to 19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
15 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.18 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
98.8 to 99.22
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.050