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AISI 416 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1090 Steel

Both AISI 416 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1090 steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1090 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230 to 320
220 to 280
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 13 to 31
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 230 to 340
320 to 380
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
72
Shear Strength, MPa 340 to 480
470 to 570
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 800
790 to 950
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 290 to 600
520 to 610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 680
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 9.9
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 98 to 140
82 to 91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 220 to 940
730 to 1000
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 29
28 to 34
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 25
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19 to 30
25 to 31

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.85 to 1.0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Iron (Fe), % 83.2 to 87.9
98 to 98.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0
Sulfur (S), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.050