AISI 434 Stainless Steel vs. Hardened AISI 440C
Both AISI 434 stainless steel and hardened AISI 440C are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 434 stainless steel and the bottom bar is hardened AISI 440C.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 200 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 24 | |
| 2.0 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 220 | |
| 840 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.28 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 78 | |
| 76 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 330 | |
| 1120 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 520 | |
| 1970 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 320 | |
| 1900 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 280 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C | 410 | |
| 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 880 | |
| 870 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1510 | |
| 1480 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1430 | |
| 1370 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 480 | |
| 480 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 25 | |
| 22 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 10 | |
| 10 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 2.4 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 2.8 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | |
| 9.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.7 | |
| 7.7 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 2.4 | |
| 2.2 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 33 | |
| 31 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 120 | |
| 120 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 20 | |
| 18 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 | |
| 39 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 19 | |
| 71 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 18 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 6.7 | |
| 6.0 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 19 | |
| 71 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.12 | |
| 1.0 to 1.2 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 16 to 18 | |
| 16 to 18 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 78.6 to 83.3 | |
| 78 to 83.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 0.75 to 1.3 | |
| 0 to 0.75 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.040 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 1.0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |