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ASTM A182 Grade F12 Class 1 vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1 and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1 and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 23
9.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180
140
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 430
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 45
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.8
17
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.6
3.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 21
45
Embodied Water, L/kg 52
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 2.8
29
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 91
44
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 160
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.3
26 to 30
Iron (Fe), % 96.8 to 98.4
58.4 to 70
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.44 to 0.65
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
4.0 to 7.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040