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ASTM A356 Grade 2 vs. ASTM A356 Grade 9

Both ASTM A356 grade 2 and ASTM A356 grade 9 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the heat treated (HT) condition. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 2 and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 9.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 150
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
310
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 39
50
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
3.6
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
56

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 190
570
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
1.0 to 1.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.7 to 99.55
95.2 to 97.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.7
0.5 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.45 to 0.65
0.9 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.2 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.2 to 0.35