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ASTM A356 Grade 9 vs. SAE-AISI 4161 Steel

Both ASTM A356 grade 9 and SAE-AISI 4161 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A356 grade 9 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 310
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
680
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
410

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 260
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 440
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1430
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 41
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.5
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.6
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 3.6
2.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 33
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 56
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 570
460
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 11
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0.56 to 0.64
Chromium (Cr), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 95.2 to 97.2
96.7 to 97.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 0.9
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.9 to 1.2
0.25 to 0.35
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0.2 to 0.35
0