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ASTM A372 Grade C Steel vs. EN 1.0478 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade C steel and EN 1.0478 steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0478 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210
130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 440
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 710
440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 430
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 100
90
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 500
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.060
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.48
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99.85
96.9 to 99.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.7
0.6 to 1.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.080
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.020
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050