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ASTM A372 Grade D Steel vs. EN 1.8936 Steel

Both ASTM A372 grade D steel and EN 1.8936 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A372 grade D steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.8936 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
250
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 500
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 810
600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510
370

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 51
40
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.1
2.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
24
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 700
370
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 29
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 26
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.060
Carbon (C), % 0.4 to 0.5
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 97.1 to 97.9
95.5 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 1.4 to 1.8
1.0 to 1.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.17 to 0.27
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.050
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.020
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.2