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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. ASTM A182 Grade F12 Class 1

Both ASTM grade HD steel and ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1 are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A182 grade F12 class 1.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
180
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
250

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
52

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
2.8
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
91
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0.8 to 1.3
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
96.8 to 98.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.44 to 0.65
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045