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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. AWS E320

Both ASTM grade HD steel and AWS E320 are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is AWS E320.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
38
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
6.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
91
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
220

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 29
28
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
31.8 to 43.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
32 to 36
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030