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ASTM Grade HD Steel vs. EN 1.0478 Steel

Both ASTM grade HD steel and EN 1.0478 steel are iron alloys. They have 66% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM grade HD steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.0478 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.1
24
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590
440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 270
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 490
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
49
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
2.2
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
48

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 44
90
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 26
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0 to 0.060
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 26 to 30
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 58.4 to 70
96.9 to 99.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.6 to 1.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0 to 0.080
Nickel (Ni), % 4.0 to 7.0
0 to 0.3
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.030
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.020
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.015
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050