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AWS E312 vs. AWS E320

Both AWS E312 and AWS E320 are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the as-welded condition. They have 70% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is AWS E320.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 25
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
460
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
38
Density, g/cm3 7.7
8.2
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
6.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
91
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
220

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 31
28
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
20
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.070
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
3.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
31.8 to 43.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
32 to 36
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030