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AWS E312 vs. AWS E409Nb

Both AWS E312 and AWS E409Nb are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is AWS E409Nb.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
23
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
280
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
13
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 31
14
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
18
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
14

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
11 to 14
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
80.2 to 88.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0.5 to 1.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030