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AWS E312 vs. SAE-AISI 4161 Steel

Both AWS E312 and SAE-AISI 4161 steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 20 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (12, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E312 and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 25
20
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 740
680

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 310
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1360
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
2.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 52
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 200
50

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 27
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18
22

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.56 to 0.64
Chromium (Cr), % 28 to 32
0.7 to 0.9
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.75
0
Iron (Fe), % 52.3 to 63.5
96.7 to 97.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 2.5
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.75
0.25 to 0.35
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040