AWS E320 vs. ASTM Grade HD Steel

Both AWS E320 and ASTM grade HD steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AWS E320 and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HD steel.

AWS E320 (W88021) Weld Metal ASTM Grade HD (28Cr-5Ni, J93005) Cast Stainless Steel

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa		200

Elongation at Break, %		34
Elongation at Break, %		9.1

Poisson's Ratio		0.28
Poisson's Ratio		0.27

Shear Modulus, GPa		77
Shear Modulus, GPa		80

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa		590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		300
Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g		310

Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C		1410

Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1360
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C		1370

Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		460
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K		490

Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K		11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative		38
Base Metal Price, % relative		17

Density, g/cm³		8.2
Density, g/cm³		7.7

Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		6.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material		3.1

Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		91
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg		45

Embodied Water, L/kg		220
Embodied Water, L/kg		180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)		28
PREN (Pitting Resistance)		29

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		13
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points		15

Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		24
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points		26

Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21
Strength to Weight: Axial, points		21

Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points		20

Thermal Shock Resistance, points		16
Thermal Shock Resistance, points		19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.070
Carbon (C), %		0 to 0.5

Chromium (Cr), %		19 to 21
Chromium (Cr), %		26 to 30

Copper (Cu), %		3.0 to 4.0
Copper (Cu), %		0

Iron (Fe), %		31.8 to 43.5
Iron (Fe), %		58.4 to 70

Manganese (Mn), %		0.5 to 2.5
Manganese (Mn), %		0 to 1.5

Molybdenum (Mo), %		2.0 to 3.0
Molybdenum (Mo), %		0 to 0.5

Nickel (Ni), %		32 to 36
Nickel (Ni), %		4.0 to 7.0

Niobium (Nb), %		0 to 1.0
Niobium (Nb), %		0

Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P), %		0 to 0.040

Silicon (Si), %		0 to 0.6
Silicon (Si), %		0 to 2.0

Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.030
Sulfur (S), %		0 to 0.040