EN 1.0034 Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade C Steel
Both EN 1.0034 steel and ASTM A372 grade C steel are iron alloys. Their average alloy composition is basically identical.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.0034 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade C steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Brinell Hardness | 97 to 110 | |
| 210 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 32 | |
| 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 140 to 170 | |
| 290 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 220 to 230 | |
| 440 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 340 to 380 | |
| 710 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 180 to 280 | |
| 430 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 400 | |
| 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 53 | |
| 51 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.0 | |
| 7.2 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.0 | |
| 8.2 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 1.8 | |
| 1.8 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.8 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 1.4 | |
| 1.4 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 18 | |
| 19 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 45 | |
| 46 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 31 to 95 | |
| 100 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 84 to 210 | |
| 500 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 12 to 13 | |
| 25 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 14 to 15 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 14 | |
| 14 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 11 to 12 | |
| 22 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.48 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 98.7 to 100 | |
| 97.5 to 99.85 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 0 to 1.7 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.35 | |
| 0.15 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.045 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |