EN 1.4594 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A372 Grade M Steel
Both EN 1.4594 stainless steel and ASTM A372 grade M steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4594 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A372 grade M steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 11 to 17 | |
| 18 to 21 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 490 to 620 | |
| 450 to 520 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.29 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 620 to 700 | |
| 510 to 570 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1020 to 1170 | |
| 810 to 910 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 810 to 1140 | |
| 660 to 770 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 280 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 820 | |
| 450 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1420 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 16 | |
| 46 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 13 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.2 | |
| 8.0 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 2.5 | |
| 9.1 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 15 | |
| 5.0 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.9 | |
| 7.9 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.2 | |
| 2.0 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 45 | |
| 27 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 130 | |
| 61 |
Common Calculations
| PREN (Pitting Resistance) | 19 | |
| 3.4 |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 190 | |
| 160 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1660 to 3320 | |
| 1140 to 1580 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 36 to 41 | |
| 29 to 32 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 29 to 31 | |
| 24 to 27 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 4.4 | |
| 12 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 34 to 39 | |
| 24 to 27 |
Alloy Composition
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.070 | |
| 0 to 0.23 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 13 to 15 | |
| 1.5 to 2.0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 1.2 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 72.6 to 79.5 | |
| 92.5 to 95.1 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0.2 to 0.4 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 1.2 to 2.0 | |
| 0.4 to 0.6 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 5.0 to 6.0 | |
| 2.8 to 3.9 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 0.15 to 0.6 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.7 | |
| 0 to 0.3 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 to 0.010 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |