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EN 1.4912 Stainless Steel vs. EN 1.4578 Stainless Steel

Both EN 1.4912 stainless steel and EN 1.4578 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the solution annealed (AT) condition. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4912 stainless steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4578 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 40
51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
200
Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy, J 90
90
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 610
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 520
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 940
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 20
19
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.8
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 55
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
160

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
25
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
220
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.040 to 0.1
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
16.5 to 17.5
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 3.5
Iron (Fe), % 64.6 to 73.6
62.3 to 68.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 2.5
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
10 to 11
Niobium (Nb), % 0.4 to 1.2
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.015