EN 1.4938 Stainless Steel vs. Grade 28 Titanium
EN 1.4938 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is EN 1.4938 stainless steel and the bottom bar is grade 28 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 200 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 16 to 17 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 390 to 520 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.28 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 76 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 540 to 630 | |
| 420 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 870 to 1030 | |
| 690 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 640 to 870 | |
| 540 to 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 270 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 750 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1460 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1420 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 30 | |
| 8.3 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 11 | |
| 9.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 2.9 | |
| 1.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 3.3 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 10 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 3.3 | |
| 37 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 47 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 110 | |
| 370 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 140 to 160 | |
| 87 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 1050 to 1920 | |
| 1370 to 3100 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 25 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 31 to 37 | |
| 43 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 26 to 29 | |
| 39 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 8.1 | |
| 3.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 30 to 35 | |
| 47 to 66 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 0 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0.080 to 0.15 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 11 to 12.5 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 80.5 to 84.8 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.4 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 1.5 to 2.0 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 2.0 to 3.0 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0.020 to 0.040 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.025 | |
| 0 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.14 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.5 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 92.4 to 95.4 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0.25 to 0.4 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |