Grade 21 Titanium vs. EN 1.5662 Steel
Grade 21 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys classification, while EN 1.5662 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is grade 21 titanium and the bottom bar is EN 1.5662 steel.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 140 | |
| 190 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 9.0 to 17 | |
| 20 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 550 to 660 | |
| 380 to 450 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.32 | |
| 0.29 |
| Reduction in Area, % | 22 | |
| 56 to 57 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 51 | |
| 73 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 550 to 790 | |
| 460 to 470 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 890 to 1340 | |
| 740 to 750 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 870 to 1170 | |
| 550 to 660 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 410 | |
| 250 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 310 | |
| 430 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1740 | |
| 1460 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1690 | |
| 1410 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 500 | |
| 470 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 7.1 | |
| 13 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 60 | |
| 7.5 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 5.4 | |
| 8.0 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 32 | |
| 2.3 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 490 | |
| 31 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 180 | |
| 63 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 110 to 180 | |
| 140 to 150 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 2760 to 5010 | |
| 810 to 1150 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 32 | |
| 24 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 46 to 69 | |
| 26 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 38 to 50 | |
| 23 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 66 to 100 | |
| 22 |
Alloy Composition
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| Aluminum (Al), % | 2.5 to 3.5 | |
| 0 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 to 0.015 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 88.6 to 91.2 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 | |
| 0.3 to 0.8 |
| Molybdenum (Mo), % | 14 to 16 | |
| 0 to 0.1 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 0 | |
| 8.5 to 10 |
| Niobium (Nb), % | 2.2 to 3.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 to 0.030 | |
| 0 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 to 0.17 | |
| 0 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.020 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.25 | |
| 0 to 0.35 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.0050 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 76 to 81.2 | |
| 0 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.050 |
| Residuals, % | 0 to 0.4 | |
| 0 |