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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. AISI 446 Stainless Steel

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and AISI 446 stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is AISI 446 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 20
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
79
Shear Strength, MPa 420
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
1180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
490
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
1.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
2.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
35
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
26
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
4.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
19

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
23 to 27
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
69.2 to 77
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030