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SAE-AISI 4161 Steel vs. ASTM A356 Grade 2

Both SAE-AISI 4161 steel and ASTM A356 grade 2 are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is SAE-AISI 4161 steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A356 grade 2.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 290
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 680
510
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 410
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 43
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.5
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 50
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 460
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 12
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22
15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.56 to 0.64
0 to 0.25
Chromium (Cr), % 0.7 to 0.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.6
97.7 to 99.55
Manganese (Mn), % 0.75 to 1.0
0 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.25 to 0.35
0.45 to 0.65
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.035
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030