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ASTM Grade LC2 (J22500) Cast Nickel Steel

ASTM grade LC2 steel is an alloy steel formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the normalized and tempered condition. LC2 is the ASTM designation for this material. J22500 is the UNS number.

It has a fairly high ductility among cast alloy steels. In addition, it has a fairly high thermal conductivity and a moderately low tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare ASTM grade LC2 steel to: cast alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

170

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

27 %

Fatigue Strength

230 MPa 34 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Reduction in Area

40 %

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

570 MPa 83 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

410 °C 770 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2660 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2580 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

52 W/m-K 30 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

13 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.5 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.6 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

3.4 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.6 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

22 MJ/kg 9.3 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

50 L/kg 6.0 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

130 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

260 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

20 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

19 points

Thermal Diffusivity

14 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

17 points

Alloy Composition

Among cast alloy steels, the composition of ASTM grade LC2 steel is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of nickel (Ni). Nickel is used to improve mechanical properties, and to make the alloy easier to heat treat.

Iron (Fe)Fe 95.3 to 97.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 2.0 to 3.0
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.5 to 0.8
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.6
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.045
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM A352: Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Ferritic and Martensitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for Low-Temperature Service

Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011

Manufacture and Uses of Alloy Steels, Henry D. Hibbard, 2005

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015