AWS E70C-Ni2 or E49C-Ni2 (W22030) Weld Metal
AWS E70C-Ni2 is a weld metal formulated for joining alloy steels. Cited properties are appropriate for the post-weld heat treated (PWHT) condition. E70C-Ni2 is the AWS designation for this material. W22030 is the UNS number.
It has a very high thermal conductivity among alloy steel welding fillers. In addition, it has the lowest tensile strength and a moderately high ductility.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare AWS E70C-Ni2 to: alloy steel welding fillers (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
190 GPa 27 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
27 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.29
Shear Modulus
72 GPa 10 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
560 MPa 81 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
450 MPa 65 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
250 J/g
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2650 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2580 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
52 W/m-K 30 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
13 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
7.5 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
8.6 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
3.3 % relative
Density
7.8 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
1.6 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
22 MJ/kg 9.4 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
51 L/kg 6.0 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
140 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
540 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
13 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
24 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
20 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
19 points
Thermal Diffusivity
14 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
17 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 94.1 to 98.3 | |
| Ni | 1.8 to 2.8 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.3 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.9 | |
| Cu | 0 to 0.35 | |
| C | 0 to 0.080 | |
| S | 0 to 0.030 | |
| V | 0 to 0.030 | |
| P | 0 to 0.025 | |
| res. | 0 to 0.5 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
AWS A5.28: Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Rods for Gas Shielded Arc Welding
Welding Metallurgy, 2nd ed., Sindo Kou, 2003
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015