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EN 1.0452 (P255QL) Non-Alloy Steel

EN 1.0452 steel is a carbon (non-alloy) steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the quenched and tempered condition. 1.0452 is the EN numeric designation for this material. P255QL is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately low thermal conductivity among wrought carbon or non-alloy steels. In addition, it has a moderately low tensile strength and a moderately high ductility.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.0452 steel to: wrought carbon or non-alloy steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

120

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 27 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

25 %

Fatigue Strength

210 MPa 30 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

51 J 38 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.29

Shear Modulus

73 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

270 MPa 39 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

430 MPa 62 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

290 MPa 41 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

250 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

400 °C 750 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1460 °C 2670 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1420 °C 2590 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

48 W/m-K 28 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

12 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

7.2 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

8.3 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

2.1 % relative

Density

7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.5 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

19 MJ/kg 8.3 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

48 L/kg 5.7 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

94 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

220 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

13 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

15 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

16 points

Thermal Diffusivity

13 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

13 points

Alloy Composition

Iron (Fe)Fe 97.1 to 99.58
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0.4 to 1.2
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.35
Chromium (Cr)Cr 0 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu)Cu 0 to 0.3
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.17
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0 to 0.080
Aluminum (Al)Al 0.020 to 0.060
Titanium (Ti)Ti 0 to 0.040
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V)V 0 to 0.020
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.010
Niobium (Nb)Nb 0 to 0.010

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

EN 10216-4: Seamless steel tubes for pressure purposes - Technical delivery conditions - Part 4: Non-alloy and alloy steel tubes with specified low temperature properties

Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011

Carbon Steel Handbook, D. Gandy, 2007

Ferrous Materials: Steel and Cast Iron, Hans Berns and Werner Theisen, 2008

Steels: Processing, Structure, and Performance, 2nd ed., George Krauss, 2015