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EN 1.4011 (GX12Cr12) Cast Stainless Steel

EN 1.4011 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the quenched and tempered condition. 1.4011 is the EN numeric designation for this material. GX12Cr12 is the EN chemical designation.

It has the lowest base cost among cast martensitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately low embodied energy and a moderately low tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4011 stainless steel to: cast martensitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

17 %

Fatigue Strength

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Impact Strength: V-Notched Charpy

23 J 17 ft-lb

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

700 MPa 100 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

510 MPa 74 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

390 °C 730 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

750 °C 1380 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1450 °C 2630 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1400 °C 2560 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

25 W/m-K 14 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

11 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

2.9 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

3.4 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

7.0 % relative

Density

7.8 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.0 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

28 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

100 L/kg 12 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

13

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

110 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

660 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

25 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

23 points

Thermal Diffusivity

6.7 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

24 points

Alloy Composition

Among cast stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.4011 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.

Iron (Fe)Fe 82.8 to 88.5
Chromium (Cr)Cr 11.5 to 13.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 0 to 0.5
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.15
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.035
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.025

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ISO 11972: Corrosion-resistant cast steels for general applications

EN 10283: Corrosion resistant steel castings

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996

Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015