Precipitation Hardened (+P1000) 1.4594 Stainless Steel
EN 1.4594 +P1000 steel is EN 1.4594 stainless steel in the aged (precipitation hardened) condition. The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.4594 +P1000 steel to: wrought precipitation-hardening stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 28 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
11 %
Fatigue Strength
530 MPa 76 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.28
Shear Modulus
76 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
660 MPa 96 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
1100 MPa 160 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
960 MPa 140 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
280 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
450 °C 840 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
820 °C 1510 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1450 °C 2640 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1410 °C 2560 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
16 W/m-K 9.5 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.2 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
2.5 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
15 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.2 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
45 MJ/kg 19 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
130 L/kg 15 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
19
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
120 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
2370 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
39 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
30 points
Thermal Diffusivity
4.4 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
37 points
Alloy Composition
| Fe | 72.6 to 79.5 | |
| Cr | 13 to 15 | |
| Ni | 5.0 to 6.0 | |
| Mo | 1.2 to 2.0 | |
| Cu | 1.2 to 2.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 1.0 | |
| Nb | 0.15 to 0.6 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.7 | |
| C | 0 to 0.070 | |
| P | 0 to 0.040 | |
| S | 0 to 0.015 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Further Reading
Machining of Stainless Steels and Super Alloys: Traditional and Nontraditional Techniques, Helmi A. Youssef, 2016
EN 10088-3: Stainless steels - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods, wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
EN 10088-1: Stainless steels - Part 1: List of stainless steels
Welding Metallurgy of Stainless Steels, Erich Folkhard et al., 2012
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010