UNS S44537 Stainless Steel
S44537 stainless steel is a ferritic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. It has a fairly high base cost and a fairly high embodied energy among wrought ferritic stainless steels.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare S44537 stainless steel to: wrought ferritic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Brinell Hardness
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
200 GPa 29 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
21 %
Fatigue Strength
230 MPa 34 x 103 psi
Poisson's Ratio
0.27
Rockwell B Hardness
80
Shear Modulus
79 GPa 11 x 106 psi
Shear Strength
320 MPa 47 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
510 MPa 74 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
360 MPa 52 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
290 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion
530 °C 990 °F
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
1000 °C 1840 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1480 °C 2690 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
1430 °C 2610 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
470 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
21 W/m-K 12 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
11 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
2.6 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
3.0 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
19 % relative
Density
7.9 g/cm3 490 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.4 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
50 MJ/kg 21 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
140 L/kg 17 gal/lb
Common Calculations
PREN (Pitting Resistance)
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
95 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
320 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
14 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
25 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
18 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
18 points
Thermal Diffusivity
5.6 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
17 points
Alloy Composition
Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of S44537 stainless steel is notable for including lanthanum (La) and tungsten (W). Lanthanum is used to get better mechanical properties from heat treatment. Tungsten interacts with other alloying elements to a greater extent than usual, which makes it hard to broadly characterize its effects.
| Fe | 69 to 78.6 | |
| Cr | 20 to 24 | |
| W | 1.0 to 3.0 | |
| Nb | 0.2 to 1.0 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.8 | |
| Si | 0.1 to 0.6 | |
| Ni | 0 to 0.5 | |
| Cu | 0 to 0.5 | |
| La | 0.040 to 0.2 | |
| Ti | 0.020 to 0.2 | |
| Al | 0 to 0.1 | |
| P | 0 to 0.050 | |
| N | 0 to 0.040 | |
| C | 0 to 0.030 | |
| S | 0 to 0.0060 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM A240: Standard Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005
Pressure Vessels: External Pressure Technology, 2nd ed., Carl T. F. Ross, 2011
Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996
ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels, J. R. Davis (editor), 1994
Advances in Stainless Steels, Baldev Raj et al. (editors), 2010
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015