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EN 1.3541 (X47Cr14) Stainless Bearing Steel

EN 1.3541 stainless steel is a martensitic stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the spheroidized condition. 1.3541 is the EN numeric designation for this material. X47Cr14 is the EN chemical designation.

It has a moderately low embodied energy among wrought martensitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a moderately high electrical conductivity and a moderately low tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare EN 1.3541 stainless steel to: wrought martensitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness

220

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

190 GPa 28 x 106 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

76 GPa 11 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

710 MPa 100 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

270 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

390 °C 730 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

770 °C 1420 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1440 °C 2620 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1390 °C 2540 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

480 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

30 W/m-K 17 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

10 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

3.0 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

3.5 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

7.0 % relative

Density

7.7 g/cm3 480 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

1.9 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

27 MJ/kg 12 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

100 L/kg 12 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

14

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

25 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

26 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

23 points

Thermal Diffusivity

8.1 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

26 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of EN 1.3541 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Manganese is used to improve ductility at elevated temperatures. It also permits a higher nitrogen content than would otherwise be possible.

Iron (Fe)Fe 83.4 to 87.5
Chromium (Cr)Cr 12.5 to 14.5
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 1.0
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 1.0
Carbon (C)C 0.43 to 0.5
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.040
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.030

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ISO 683-17: Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels

Corrosion of Stainless Steels, A. John Sedriks, 1996